Hair-waving pad



Nov. 5, 1940. D. HAM

HAIR-WAVING PAD Filed Aug.

Patented Nov. 5, 1940 UNITED STATES 2,220,329 nAm-wavmo PAD Ralphv D.Ham, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Products Development Corporation,Chicago, Ill, a. corporation 01' Illinois Application August 9, 1939,Serial No. 289,145

2 Claims.

This invention relates generally to hair-waving padsf of the type usedin the process of imparting so-called permanent waves to human hair bythe utilization of the heat of exothermic 5 chemical reactions.Specifically, this invention discloses novel means for facilitating andexpediting the use of the heat of exothermic reaction between a chemicalsolution and a metallic member for imparting a wave to hair.

The means used in the process utilizing this invention generallyincludes an envelope or sachet of the metallic member to be used in thechemical reaction. This may be very thin alu- Lli minum foil or thelike.

sachet or envelope is a chemical or mixture of chemicals which alsoenters into the reaction. In the process the metallic envelope or sachetis perforated or pierced in some manner and a 53 moistened memberapplied to the perforations, permitting moisture to seep therethr oughinto the sachet to contact said chemical or mixture of chemicals. Asaturated solution oi the active ingredients in the sachet or envelopeis thus produced. Contact of the solution with the metal of the envelopeproduces exothermic heat of reaction in suificient amounts toimpart apermanent wave to a preformed tress of hair.

It is obvious that since the reaction occurs between a chemical or thelike, and the metallic foil which constitutes the envelope for thechemical, the envelope will be gradually consumed and deteriorated inthe process.

The chemical or the mixture which is within the envelope will,therefore, be unconfined and subject to being lost or scatteredthroughout the subjects hair. The general results are that the processis a messy one and may even be dangerous in consequences.

Two general methods have been used to overcome the distinct disadvantageof the above-outlined method of hair waving by use of exothermic heat orreaction. In one, the reaction is not allowed to go to its extreme, thuspreserving the shell of the envelope or sachet. This is costly, since itrequires thicker foil envelopes and does not permit entire use of saidenvelope nor does it permit all of the chemicals and the like withinsame to be consumed. Thus, with 50 the shell thrown away, much of thematerial is uselessly destroyed.

The second method used is to enclose the entire assembly in confiningapparatus or the like, so that the sachet or envelope may be heldtherein. This is an inefflcient method, since Contained within the muchheat is lost and expensive'apparatus must be used. Also, handling thepad by such a method is an awkward and .slow process.

It is an object of this invention to provide a hair-waving pad utilizingthe exothermic heat of a chemical reaction involving a metallic memberwhich will be so constructed asto eliminate the disadvantages caused bythe deterioration of said metallic member.

The inventors main purpose is accomplished in the present invention bythe utilization of a sachet or envelope formed from a member comprisingtwo layers ofmateriah The inner layer is of extremely thin metallic foiland the outer layer is a sheet of chemically inert material, such asglassine paper. Said foil and chemically inert material are sointimately associated and held one to the other that the member may behandled as though it were an integral sheet of material. The layer ofchemically inert material does not prevent conduction of heat throughthe envelope to the moistened member.

By the simple expedient generally described above, it will beappreciated that the foil may be completely consumed and the chemicalswithin the envelope completely utilized without in any way affecting theconfining qualities of the sachet or envelope. This is possible becausethe inert material which backsup the foil remains intact'during andafter the chemical reaction in the shape of the envelope and isavailable for the complete confinement of all products of reaction, suchas may be produced thereby, and also all ingredients remaining which didnot enter into the reaction.

.Other objects of the invention, therefore, are:

To provide a hair-waving pad of the character described, the envelope ofwhich will be formed from a member comprising metallic foil backed up bya sheet of chemically inert material;

To provide a heating pad of this type. which will include an envelopeconstructed of metallic foil backed by glassine paper;

To provide a heating pad of this type which will be effective inoperation and simple in construction and assembly.

It has been found to be difficult to handle a pad of the naturedescribed, because the surface must be perforated so that moisture mayseep into the'envelope or sachet from a moistened member applied .to aface thereof. Time is lost in the perforating operation when same isdone by the beautician prior to application of the pad to the customer'shair. Also, extra appose the object of eliminating paratus is needed.There is an objection to envelopes being pre-perforated, since thematerial contained therein tends to sift out.

The present invention has for a collateral purthese disadvanfeathers maybe pressed inwardly to a closed position. Thus, the chemicals andmaterials within the envelope are completely confined, and at the asmetime sufficient moisture is permitted to seep through the slits orperforations to cause chemical reaction between a solution of thematerial and chemicals within the envelope and the foil or the innersurface thereof.

Further objects of the present invention are:

To provide pie-perforated sachets or envelopes of the characterdescribed;

To provide perforations for a hair-waving pad of the characterdescribed, which will be selfclosing:

To provide substantially Ishaped" perforations for a hair-waving pad ofthe character described;

To provide in a hair-waving pad of the character described perforationshaving burred or feathered portions. said burred or feathered por tionsbeing on the external side of a face of said pad.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear, as thedescription proceeds. the invention consists in certain novel featuresof construction, arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter fullydescribed, illustratedin the accompanying drawing, and particularlypointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that variouschanges in the form,.

proportion, size and minor details of the structure may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of theinvention. i

For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of my invention, I haveillustrated in the accompanying drawing, a preferred embodiment thereof,from an inspection of which, when considered in connection with thefollowing description. my invention, its mode of construction. assemblyand operation, and many of its advantages should be readily understoodand appreciated.

Referring to the drawing in which the same characters of reference areemployed to indicate corresponding or similar parts throughout theseveral figures of the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a hair-wavingpad or sachet involving myinvention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a developed sachet or envelope member;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a sachet or envelope in the process ofmanufacture;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the perforated portion ofthe sachet;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to that of Fig. 5, but having theburrs of the sachet pressed down.

The invention comprises a member designated generally by the referencecharacter Ill formed into a sachet or envelope. Said member 10 consistsof two layers, the inside layer It and the outside layer l2. The insidelayer is of metallic foil, which is adapted toreact with a chemical orthe like to produce exothermic re Both members H and H are extremelythin,

and the result is that the member ID is handled as a sheet of paper orthe likewith no possibility of separation of the two constituent layers.The drawing, of course, shows the layers in highly exaggeratedproportion to clarify the construction and to complete the disclosurethereof.

In this condition. a section I3 of the member H), which is to form aface of the sachet, is perforated or pierced by a plurality ofappropriate instruments to form by cutting. tearing or other operation,the slits or perforations i4. These perforations I 4 are substantiallyI-shaped and are formed from the inner face II, so that the burrs orfeather edges I5 are protruding from the outer face 12, which is theinert layer of the member ID.

The novelty of these perforations is in their ability to permit moistureand still retain any powder or granulated mixture which may be disposedwithin the sachet or envelope formed by member ID. Perforations l4 may,to all intents and purposes, be closed, as by pressing down the burrs 15by rolling or the like. In this condition, the member [0 may be formedinto an envelope or sachet, which will retain the powder. or granulatedchemicals or ingredients of the active mixture adapted to react with themetal foil without danger of same sifting out, as aforesaid. At the sametime, moisture will freely pass through the perforations when applied bymeans of a moistened member, not shown, to activate the chemical andcause the exothermic reaction.

After the member It! has been provided with perforations, the portionalong one of the edgesis provided with paste, glue or other adhesive I6,and the member ID is folded along the lines I! and I8 and caused to forma substantially flattened tube-like member, as shown in Fig. 3. Inlarge-scale production, this substantially flattened tube-like membermay be very long and may then be cut to proper lengths for the formation of individual sachets. It will be seen that this substantiallyflattened tube-like member is somewhat elliptical in cross section withthe minor axis of the elipse very short as compared to the major axisthereof.

The substantially flattened hollow member shown inFig.3is then filledwith the proper chemicals or mixture designated by the character 20,andthe ends l9 of the hollow member are folded over to complete theenvelope. The chemicals 20 are placed in the hollow member of Fig. 3 byfolding one end, as at l9, up-ending the hollow member with the foldedportion l9 at the bottom, filling the hollow member as required bypouring the materials 20 thereinto, and then folding the open end overas at [9 to complete the sachet.

The sachet is now ready for use and will remain in envelope formregardless of whether the inner layer of foil is completely consumed byexothermic reaction or not. This is because the outer layer I2 is notaffected by the reaction, giving rise to the advantages enumeratedabove. It is obvious also that the envelope or vsachet can be packed,shipped and handled without danger of the material 20 sifting outtherefrom.

It is believed that my invention, its mode of construction and assembly,and many of its advantages should be readily understood from theforegoing without further description, and it shouldalso be manifestthat while a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown anddescribed for illustrative purposes, the structural details arenevertheless capable of wide variation within the purview of myinvention as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis:

1. In a device of the character described, a hair-waving pad of theexothermic chemical reaction type, including a sachet constructed from abi-layered member and having a quantity of normally inactive materialdisposed therein. one of said layers adapted to be the external face ofsaid sachet and being of chemically inert material, the second of saidlayers adapted to be the internal lining of said sachet and being of amaterial adapted to enter into chemical reaction with said materialcontained in said sachet when said last-mentioned material is moistened,and means for introducing moisture to said last-mentioned material, saidlast-mentioned means comprising perforations disposed upon the face ofsaid sachet, said perforations being slit-like and burred on the surfaceof said sachet, the burrs adapted to be substantially pressed down durineffect self-closing.

2. A hair-waving pad of the character described comprising an envelopewholly constructed from prefabricated bi-layered sheeting, the inwardlydisposed layer being metal foil and being bonded to a layer ofchemically inert material, and a quantity of chemicals contained withinsaid envelope and exothermically reactive with said metal foil onmoistening thereof, and means for moistening said material, comprisingperforations provided on a face of said envelope and extending throughboth of said layers, said perforations being formed from inside outwardthereby causing burrs to be formed on the outside thereof said burrsbeing adapted ,ing handling thereof rendering the perforations

